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Secure development, UAE

A penetration test finds what your development process let through. It does not fix the process.

The Secure Software Development Framework describes twenty practices across four groups, focused on outcomes rather than tools. An assessment against it shows where vulnerabilities are being introduced rather than where they were eventually found.

Book a secure SDLC assessmentSee the four groups
Secure software development assessment for UAE organisations
  • 4 groupsPrepare, protect, produce, respond
  • 20 practicesAcross the four groups
  • Outcome basedThe framework does not prescribe tools
  • Shift leftEarlier costs less for the same security
The framing that makes this useful

It describes outcomes, not tools. That is why it survives your toolchain changing.

Most application security guidance ages badly because it names products. This does not, which makes it usable as an assessment baseline.

  • The framework does not prescribe how to implement each practice, and the focus is on the outcomes of the practices rather than on the tools, techniques and mechanisms used to achieve them. Your scanner choice does not change your assessed position.
  • That also makes it applicable regardless of language, platform, development model or operating environment. Waterfall, agile and DevOps teams are assessed against the same outcomes, which allows comparison across a portfolio built by different teams.
  • The stated intention is not to create a checklist to follow, but to provide a basis for planning and implementing a risk-based approach. That means the assessment output is a prioritised position rather than a compliance percentage.
  • And it works in both directions. Organisations use it to describe their own practices to customers, and to express secure development requirements to third party suppliers, which is increasingly what enterprise software procurement asks for.
Ask us to assess your development process
What the framework covers

Eight things an assessment establishes about how you build software.

Most UAE organisations that build software test it at the end and call that application security. The framework covers the whole development life cycle, and the practices that matter most are usually the ones nobody has assigned to anybody.

Prepare the organisation comes first

Security requirements defined for development, roles and responsibilities implemented, supporting toolchains in place, criteria for software security checks defined and used, and secure environments implemented and maintained. Five practices before any code is written.

Protecting the software is a separate discipline

Protecting all forms of code from unauthorised access and tampering, providing a mechanism for verifying software release integrity, and archiving and protecting each release. Supply chain attacks target exactly these three practices.

Producing well-secured software is nine practices

Design to meet security requirements and mitigate risks, verify design compliance, verify third party software, reuse well-secured software rather than duplicating functionality, secure coding practices, build configuration, testing, and secure settings by default.

Responding to vulnerabilities includes root cause

Identify and confirm vulnerabilities on an ongoing basis, assess prioritise and remediate them, and analyse them to identify their root causes. That third practice is what stops the same class of defect returning, and it is the one most often skipped.

Shifting left is stated as a principle

The earlier in the life cycle that security is addressed, the less effort and cost is ultimately required to achieve the same level of security. That principle is described as critically important regardless of which development model is used.

Vulnerabilities are broader than coding flaws

They include not just bugs caused by coding flaws but also weaknesses caused by security configuration settings, incorrect trust assumptions and outdated risk analysis. Testing that only looks for code defects misses three of those four categories.

Environments have to be enumerated

The framework states that enumerating your environments is necessary to secure them properly, and especially to prevent lateral movement of attackers from environment to environment. Development, build, staging, test and production all count.

Shared responsibility needs an agreement

Where delivery involves platform or service providers, the tenant organisation should establish an agreement specifying which party is responsible for each practice and task, and how each provider will attest to their conformance with it.

The four groups

Twenty practices, and what each group is responsible for.

The practice identifiers are stable, which makes them a useful common language between a development team, a security team and a customer asking about your process.
GroupPracticesWhat it is responsible for
Prepare the OrganizationPO.1 to PO.5People, processes and technology ready for secure development
Protect the SoftwarePS.1 to PS.3All components protected from tampering and unauthorised access
Produce Well-Secured SoftwarePW.1 to PW.9Releases with minimal security vulnerabilities
Respond to VulnerabilitiesRV.1 to RV.3Residual vulnerabilities found, fixed and prevented from recurring
Security requirements definedPO.1The foundation everything else is measured against
Secure development environmentsPO.5Frequently the weakest practice we assess
Release integrity verificationPS.2What supply chain attacks target
Third party software verifiedPW.3Dependencies, not just your own code
Secure settings by defaultPW.9What the customer gets before they configure anything
Root cause analysisRV.3The practice that stops recurrence
How we approach it

Four things that make an assessment change how software gets built.

A report describing twenty practices in the abstract changes nothing. The assessment has to connect to the way this team actually ships.

We assess from evidence, not from a questionnaire

Repositories, pipeline configuration, environment settings, dependency manifests and vulnerability records. Self assessment consistently overstates the position, particularly on secure environments and release integrity where the honest answer is uncomfortable.

We use the practice identifiers as a common language

The framework provides a common language to describe fundamental secure development practices, understandable without expertise in the subject. That makes findings communicable between developers, security teams, procurement and customers.

We mark practices not applicable where they are not

Not all practices apply to all use cases, and the framework says so directly with the compiler example. Assessing an organisation against practices irrelevant to how it builds software produces findings nobody should act on.

We treat the supply chain as in scope

Verifying third party software, protecting code from tampering, verifying release integrity and archiving releases are four separate practices. Together they describe the supply chain position, which is what most customer questionnaires now probe.

How an engagement runs

Three phases across roughly six to ten weeks.

The assessment is evidence based rather than questionnaire based, so most of the time is spent looking at repositories, pipelines and tickets rather than in meetings.
  1. 01
    Weeks 1 to 3

    Assess the current practices

    Against the twenty practices, using evidence from repositories, pipelines, environment configuration, dependency management and vulnerability records rather than from self assessment. Environments are enumerated as part of this.

    • Position per practice with supporting evidence
    • Environments enumerated across the life cycle
    • Toolchain mapped to the practices it supports
    • Ownership gaps identified per practice
  2. 02
    Weeks 4 to 7

    Prioritise on risk, not completeness

    Factors such as risk, cost, feasibility and applicability determine which practices to invest in, and automatability matters particularly for practices applied at scale. Not every practice is relevant to every organisation, and the framework says so.

    • Practices prioritised by risk and feasibility
    • Automatable improvements identified
    • Practices assessed as not applicable, with reasoning
    • Roles and responsibilities proposed per practice
  3. 03
    Weeks 8 to 10

    Embed and evidence

    Improvements sequenced into the delivery process rather than bolted alongside it, with a way to evidence each practice to a customer. Where platforms or services are involved, the responsibility split is documented and attestation agreed.

    • Improvement plan sequenced into delivery
    • Evidence approach defined per practice
    • Provider responsibility split documented
    • Customer facing summary of secure development practices
Where this comes up

Six situations that prompt an assessment.

The trigger is often a customer question that a penetration test report does not answer.

A UAE software company asked about its development process

Enterprise buyers increasingly ask how software is built rather than only whether it was tested. Practice by practice answers using stable identifiers are far more credible than a summary of a scanning tool output.

A team where the same defect classes keep returning

That is the signature of missing root cause analysis. Remediation closes tickets while the process that produced them stays unchanged, and the framework names analysing vulnerabilities to identify root causes as a distinct practice for exactly this reason.

An organisation worried about its build pipeline

Protecting all forms of code from unauthorised access and tampering, verifying release integrity and archiving each release are three separate practices. Together they are the difference between a supply chain concern and a supply chain control.

A regulated firm developing in house

Where software supports regulated processes, supervisors ask how it is built and changed. An assessed position against a published framework is a materially stronger answer than an internal description of the team working practices.

A business consuming platform services heavily

Responsibility for practices is distributed under a shared responsibility model, and the tenant should agree with providers which party owns each practice and how they will attest to it. Very few organisations have that agreement in place.

A company setting requirements for its own suppliers

The framework is designed to be used in both directions, including expressing secure development requirements to third party suppliers using its conventions. That is a more precise contractual instrument than asking for secure development generally.

Three positions

How UAE organisations approach software security.

The middle column is where most software businesses sit. It finds defects and it does not change the rate at which they are created.
Where vulnerabilities are found
Assessed development processThroughout
Testing at the endBefore release
Nothing systematicIn production
Cost of fixing them
Assessed development processLower, found earlier
Testing at the endHigher
Nothing systematicHighest
Recurrence prevented
Assessed development processRoot cause analysed
Testing at the endRarely
Nothing systematicNo
Development environments secured
Assessed development processAssessed
Testing at the endUsually not
Nothing systematicNo
Release integrity verifiable
Assessed development processYes
Testing at the endSometimes
Nothing systematicNo
Third party components verified
Assessed development processYes
Testing at the endScanned at best
Nothing systematicNo
Answer for a customer questionnaire
Assessed development processPractice by practice
Testing at the endA test report
Nothing systematicNone
Works across teams and languages
Assessed development processYes, outcome based
Testing at the endTool dependent
Nothing systematicNot applicable
Supplier requirements expressible
Assessed development processYes
Testing at the endVaguely
Nothing systematicNo
Effort to reach
Assessed development processWeeks to assess
Testing at the endPer release
Nothing systematicNone
Feature
Assessed development process
Testing at the end
Nothing systematic
Where vulnerabilities are found
ThroughoutBefore releaseIn production
Cost of fixing them
Lower, found earlierHigherHighest
Recurrence prevented
Root cause analysedRarelyNo
Development environments secured
AssessedUsually notNo
Release integrity verifiable
YesSometimesNo
Third party components verified
YesScanned at bestNo
Answer for a customer questionnaire
Practice by practiceA test reportNone
Works across teams and languages
Yes, outcome basedTool dependentNot applicable
Supplier requirements expressible
YesVaguelyNo
Effort to reach
Weeks to assessPer releaseNone
Where assessments usually find the gap

Three practices are weak in almost every organisation we assess.

They are weak for the same reason in each case: nobody owns them, because they sit between the development team and the security team.

  • Implementing and maintaining secure environments for software development. Build servers, CI runners, developer machines and test environments frequently have weaker controls than production, while holding credentials that reach production directly.
  • Verifying software release integrity. Many teams can describe how code becomes a release and cannot demonstrate that a given artefact is the one their pipeline produced. That is precisely the gap a supply chain attack is designed to exploit.
  • Analysing vulnerabilities to identify their root causes. Remediation closes the ticket, root cause analysis prevents the next twelve tickets, and it is almost always the first thing dropped when delivery pressure rises.
  • None of these is expensive to improve relative to what they prevent. They are neglected because they are nobody specific responsibility, which is exactly what the first practice group exists to fix by implementing roles and responsibilities.
Ask us to check these three first
How an engagement runs

Five steps, evidence first throughout.

The assessment is only useful if the position it describes is the real one, which means looking at what the pipeline does rather than what the policy says.
  1. 1

    Enumerate the environments

    Development, build, staging, integration, test, production and distribution, since names vary between organisations. The framework states enumerating environments is necessary to secure them and particularly to prevent lateral movement between them.

  2. 2

    Assess the twenty practices against evidence

    Prepare the organisation, protect the software, produce well-secured software and respond to vulnerabilities, each practice given a position supported by what the repositories, pipelines and records actually show rather than by team self assessment.

  3. 3

    Establish ownership per practice

    Implementing roles and responsibilities is a practice in its own right, and the practices we most often find weak are weak because they sit between teams. Naming an owner is frequently the highest value single change available.

  4. 4

    Prioritise on risk, cost, feasibility and applicability

    Those four factors are named in the framework, with automatability as an additional consideration for practices applied at scale. Practices that genuinely do not apply are recorded as such with reasoning rather than left as open findings.

  5. 5

    Embed the improvements and make them evidenceable

    Sequenced into the delivery process, with each practice able to be evidenced to a customer or an auditor, and with the provider responsibility split documented where platform or service providers carry some of the practices on your behalf.

Straight answers

What organisations ask about secure development assessment.

A test finds vulnerabilities in a built product. An assessment examines the process that produced them, which is what determines the rate at which new ones appear. Both are useful, and only one of them changes the underlying trend.

Prepare the Organization, Protect the Software, Produce Well-Secured Software, and Respond to Vulnerabilities. Twenty practices sit across them, identified as PO.1 to PO.5, PS.1 to PS.3, PW.1 to PW.9 and RV.1 to RV.3.

No, deliberately. The framework does not prescribe how to implement each practice, and the focus is on outcomes rather than the tools, techniques and mechanisms used. That makes it applicable regardless of language, platform or development model.

Yes. Few development models explicitly address software security in detail, so secure practices need integrating into whichever model is in use. The practices are stated at a level that suits any workflow and automated toolchain.

That the earlier in the life cycle security is addressed, the less effort and cost is ultimately required to achieve the same level of security. The framework describes this as critically important regardless of which development model is used.

No, and this framing matters. They include weaknesses caused by security configuration settings, incorrect trust assumptions and outdated risk analysis as well as coding flaws. Testing for code defects alone addresses one of four categories.

In our assessments, implementing and maintaining secure environments for software development. Build systems and developer machines often hold credentials that reach production while carrying weaker controls than production itself does.

Because it is what prevents recurrence. Identifying and remediating vulnerabilities addresses the instances, and analysing them to identify root causes addresses the cause. The framework separates them precisely because organisations do the first and skip the second.

No. Not all practices are applicable to all use cases, and organisations should adopt a risk-based approach to determine which are relevant, appropriate and effective. Practices that do not apply should be recorded with reasoning rather than ignored.

Responsibility may be distributed under a shared responsibility model. The tenant organisation should establish an agreement with providers specifying which party is responsible for each practice and task, and how each provider will attest to conformance.

Yes, and that is one of its stated purposes. Organisations use it to express secure software development requirements to third party suppliers using its conventions, which gives procurement something precise to ask for and to evaluate against.

No. It is guidance describing practices and outcomes, without a certification scheme attached. What it provides is a common language and a defensible baseline for describing and improving how software is built.

A position per practice with evidence, environments enumerated, ownership gaps identified, and a prioritised improvement plan weighted by risk, cost, feasibility, applicability and automatability. Plus a customer facing summary of the practices in place.

The ownership findings usually change behaviour within weeks, because most weak practices are weak from being unassigned rather than from being difficult. Structural work on environments and release integrity takes a quarter or more.

We scope by the number of development teams, repositories and pipelines. The free first step: ask whether anybody can prove that the artefact currently in production is the one your pipeline built. That question is practice PS.2.

No. Few development models explicitly address software security in detail, so secure practices are integrated into whichever model is in use. The framework is stated at a level that suits waterfall, agile and DevOps equally.

Writing down what secure means for your software, so design and testing have something to check against. Without it, security review becomes an opinion exercise and different reviewers reach different conclusions about the same code.

Because deciding what a check must demonstrate is different from running one. Defined and used criteria are what allow a gate to mean something, rather than a scan being run and the results being noted without any threshold attached.

Access control on repositories, protected branches, signed commits where feasible, and controlled build systems. The practice covers all forms of code, which includes infrastructure definitions and pipeline configuration as well as application source.

It lets you reconstruct what was shipped. When a vulnerability is reported against a version from two years ago, being able to retrieve exactly that release, with its dependencies, is the difference between an hour of work and a week.

The practice covers verifying that third party software complies with your security requirements, which means having those requirements first. In practice it combines dependency inventory, known vulnerability checking and a policy on acceptable sources.

Using well-secured software rather than reimplementing functionality, particularly for security sensitive operations. Hand written cryptography, authentication and parsing are the classic cases where reuse is substantially safer than building it again.

Because the configuration a customer receives before they change anything determines the security of most deployments. Products shipped with permissive defaults rely on every customer hardening them, and most customers do not.

Through a combination of testing, dependency monitoring, and a route for external parties to report what they find. The practice is about continuous identification rather than periodic assessment, which changes how the capability is built.

Asking why the defect was possible and why it was not caught, then changing something in the process. A root cause that concludes with a developer being more careful is not a root cause, and it will not prevent the next occurrence.

Practice by practice, using the stable identifiers, with a position and evidence for each. That is far more credible than a general statement about following secure development practices, and it is directly comparable across suppliers.

It supports identifying and confirming vulnerabilities on an ongoing basis, which is one of the practices. A disclosure route is one input among several, and it works best where the response process behind it is already defined.
Process check

Fifteen questions about how you actually build software.

These are answerable by looking rather than asking, which is why an evidence based assessment produces such different results from a questionnaire.

Prepare

  • Are security requirements written down?
    Practice PO.1.
  • Who owns each security practice?
    Practice PO.2.
  • Are security check criteria defined?
    Practice PO.4.
  • Are development environments hardened?
    Practice PO.5.
  • Have we enumerated our environments?
    A stated prerequisite.

Protect and produce

  • Is code protected from tampering?
    Practice PS.1.
  • Can we verify release integrity?
    Practice PS.2.
  • Is each release archived?
    Practice PS.3.
  • Do we verify third party components?
    Practice PW.3.
  • Are defaults secure out of the box?
    Practice PW.9.

Respond

  • Do we find vulnerabilities continuously?
    Practice RV.1.
  • Is remediation prioritised deliberately?
    Practice RV.2.
  • Do we do root cause analysis?
    Practice RV.3.
  • Is there a disclosure route?
    Part of ongoing identification.
  • Do the same defects keep returning?
    The RV.3 symptom.
Related reading

The pages around this one.

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Finding what the process let through.

Learn more

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Assessment of a deployed application.

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Third-party risk audit

The supplier side of the same question.

Learn more
Next step

Ask whether anybody can prove the artefact in production is the one your pipeline built.

That is one of the twenty practices, and in most organisations the honest answer is no. It is also the specific gap a supply chain attack is designed to exploit.

Book a secure SDLC assessmentCall +971 56 613 2743

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